Scientology is a modern religion founded in the 1950s by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard. It claims to offer a precise path leading to a complete and certain understanding of one’s true spiritual nature and one’s relationship to self, family, groups, Mankind, all life forms, the material universe, the spiritual universe, and the Supreme Being.

Founding: Scientology originated from L. Ron Hubbard’s self-help system called Dianetics, which he detailed in his 1950 book, *Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health*. Following the success and controversy of Dianetics, Hubbard developed Scientology and formally established it as a religion in 1953.

Expansion: Scientology expanded internationally throughout the 1960s and 1970s, establishing churches and missions around the world.

Thetans: Scientologists believe that each human is an immortal spiritual being, a “thetan,” which has lived through past lives and will continue to live beyond the physical death of the body.

Auditing: A central practice in Scientology, auditing is a one-on-one session with a trained auditor. It uses an E-meter to identify and clear spiritual distress from an individual’s current and past lives.

Ethics and Morality: The church teaches a moral code with rules for ethical conduct, known as “The Way to Happiness,” which includes precepts like “Do not murder,” “Do not steal,” and “Honor and help your parents.”

Bridge to Total Freedom: Scientologists strive to progress through a series of levels and courses known as the Bridge to Total Freedom, aimed at achieving spiritual enlightenment and god-like abilities.

Dissemination: Members are encouraged to recruit new members and take courses to advance through the church’s levels.

Church Hierarchy: Scientology has a detailed organizational structure, including the Church of Scientology International as its central church, which oversees all other Scientology organizations worldwide.

Sea Organization: An elite religious order within the church, Sea Org members sign a billion-year contract, reflecting their commitment to the religion.

Celebrity Members: Scientology is well-known for its celebrity adherents, including actors such as Tom Cruise and John Travolta, which has helped raise its profile dramatically.

Controversies: The church has been the subject of numerous controversies and criticisms, including allegations of aggressive fundraising practices, mistreatment of members and staff, and conflicts with governmental and medical authorities.

Legal Status: Scientology’s status as a religion is recognized in some countries but not in others, affecting its legal rights and tax-exempt status.

Public Perception: Due to its secretive nature and legal battles, Scientology is often viewed with suspicion by the general public and the media.

Scientology is a complex and often controversial modern religious movement with unique beliefs about the spiritual nature of humanity and the universe. Its practices, organizational structure, and the active role it encourages members to play in its propagation make it a significant, if contentious, force in contemporary religious and cultural landscapes.